Notes:
Originally in Lithuania/Litwa/Litva/Lita, Grodno gubernia was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, connected with Poland, and then annexed by Russia.
Grodno, Belarussian Horodna (Гродна), capital of Grodno region, on the Niemen River. Dating back to the 10th century, began as a village founded by a Russian price. The village is first mentioned in the Chronicles of 1128. This city had no Magdeburg Rights or gilds. Following the death of Gedimin in 1341, his grandson Witold ascended to the throne. Grodno obtained the Magdeburg right in 1389. Grodno was the capital of an independent principality until 1398, when it was included in the grand Duchy of Lithuania. It became the second capital city of Lithuania and passed to Poland after the union of Lithuania with Poland in 1569. In 1673 it became a seat of Polish diasties, the last of which (1793) was forced to consent to the second partition of Poland. Grodno passed to Russia in 1795 and was the capital of Grodno province from 1801 to 1914.
It was transferred to Poland in 1920 incorporated into the Belorussian Republic in 1939. Grodno has many historic buildings of great interest. Ruins of the ducal residence (12th century) are the oldest example of secular brick architecture in this part of Europe. Its medieval castle was restored in the 1930s. Other notable buildings include a 12th-century Orthodox Eastern church, the Stefan Bathory palace (16th century), and the Bernardine church (16th century). Stefan Bathory had his residence in Grodno, where he died in 1586, and Stanislaw II abdicated there in 1795.  City/Town : Latitude: 53.6813889, Longitude: 23.8147222
Historical Maps
Grodno Guberniya, Russia Links
JewishGen
Moises Ville's Generations
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Grodno Guberniya
