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			 Date | 
			 Event(s) | 
		
	
| 1  | 1613  | 
- 21 Feb 1613—15 Mar 1917: The Romanov Dynasty, the last imperial dynasty to rule Russia, begins when 16 year old Mikhail Romanov is elected as Czar.Russiapedia Hillwood
 
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| 2  | 1625  | 
- 27 Mar 1625—30 Jan 1649: Charles I. Ruler of England 1625-1649. House of Stuart: Only surviving son of James I; beheaded Jan 30, 1649.HistoricUK
 
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| 3  | 1649  | 
- 30 Jan 1649—3 Sep 1658: Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector. Ruler of England 1649-1658. Commonwealth & Protectorate.HistoricUK
 
- 30 Jan 1649: Charles I is beheaded.HRP RMG
 
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| 4  | 1650  | 
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| 5  | 1652  | 
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| 6  | 1654  | 
- 26 Jan 1654: Portugal decrees that Jewish and Dutch settlers have three months to leave Brazil. Many of the refugees go on to establish the first Jewish community in Nieuw-Amsterdam.LoC JVL
 
- 22 Aug 1654: The first Jews in North America arrive in Nieuw-Amsterdam.AJA Haaretz
 
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| 7  | 1656  | 
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| 8  | 1658  | 
- 1658: The first Jewish congregation is established in Newport, Rhode Island.Touro NPS
 
- 3 Sep 1658—25 May 1659: Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector. Ruler of England 1658-1659. Commonwealth & Proctorate: 3rd son of Oliver. Resigned May 25, 1659.HistoricUK
 
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| 9  | 1660  | 
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| 10  | 1663  | 
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| 11  | 1664  | 
- 27 Aug 1664: Four English warships arrive in Nieuw-Amsterdam to claim the colony under the orders of James, Duke of York.13 WDL
 
- 31 Aug 1664: Peter Stuyvesant, governor of Nieuw-Nederland, refuses to accept the terms of surrender to the British.SotS
 
- 8 Sep 1664: The Dutch surrender Nieuw-Amsterdam to the British who change the name to New York.LoC NYC
 
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| 12  | 1665  | 
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| 13  | 1666  | 
- 2 Sep 1666—5 Sep 1666: The Great Fire of London breaks out in the house of King Charles II's baker on Pudding Lane near London Bridge.DD Smith
 
- 14 Nov 1666: English diarist Samuel Pepys records the first description of a blood transfusion, dog-to-dog.W I R E D
 
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| 14  | 1673/4  | 
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| 15  | 1673  | 
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| 16  | 1674  | 
- 19 Feb 1674: The signing of the Treaty of Westminster ends the Third Anglo-Dutch War.OUPLaw MW
 
- 10 Nov 1674: The Dutch cede New York City to the British for the final time with the end of the Third Anglo-Dutch War.GoogleBooks NYCourts
 
- 4 Dec 1674: Father Jacques Marquette sets up camp on the shores of Lake Michigan at what would later become the city of Chicago, Illinois.EC SNU
 
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| 17  | 1675  | 
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| 18  | 1676  | 
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| 19  | 1679  | 
- 27 May 1679: The Habeas Corpus Act, which required a court to examine the lawfulness of a prisoner's detention and thus prevent unlawful or arbitrary imprisonment, was passed by Parliament.AS LI
 
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| 20  | 1681  | 
- 4 Mar 1681: William Penn receives a charter for "New Wales", which became "Sylvania" and finally Pennsylvania.XPH HSP
 
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| 21  | 1682  | 
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| 22  | 1683  | 
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| 23  | 1684  | 
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