|   | 
			 Date | 
			 Event(s) | 
		
	
| 1  | 1558  | 
- 17 Nov 1558—24 Mar 1603: Elizabeth I. Ruler of England 1558-1603. House of Tudor: Daughter of Henry VIII, by Anne Boleyn.HistoricUK E1
 
  | 
| 2  | 1562  | 
- 1 Mar 1562—1598: A massacre of Huguenots at Vassy, France begins the French Wars of Religion which lasts until 1598.GoogleBooks W&W
 
  | 
| 3  | 1564  | 
- 23 Apr 1564: William Shakespeare's birth is celebrated with this date. He also died this day 52 years later.Shakespeare TIME
 
  | 
| 4  | 1565  | 
- 8 Sep 1565: The oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement within the borders of the continental United States, St. Augustine, Florida, is founded.SA LOC
 
- 20 Sep 1565: Spanish forces capture the French Huguenot settlement of Fort Caroline in the first European battle on American soil.SIMag PG
 
  | 
| 5  | 1568  | 
 | 
| 6  | 1569  | 
- 1569: Gerardus Mercator presents his cylindrical map projection.LOC
 
  | 
| 7  | 1570  | 
- 20 May 1570: Abraham Ortelius publishes the first modern atlas entitled "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum".LoC Bonhams
 
- 10 Sep 1570: Spanish Jesuits land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission.EVA GoogleBooks
 
  | 
| 8  | 1572  | 
- 24 Aug 1572: King Charles IX of France orders the assassination of Huguenot Protestant leaders in Paris that results in the massacre of tens of thousands of Huguenots all across France.MP CT
 
  | 
| 9  | 1577  | 
- 13 Dec 1577: Francis Drake sets out from Plymouth, England in the Golden Hind on a mission to raid Spanish holdings on the Pacific coast of the New World and explore the Pacific Ocean, returning 3 years later as the first British explorer to circumnavigate the earth.History.com LOC
 
  | 
| 10  | 1579  | 
 | 
| 11  | 1580  | 
- 26 Sep 1580: Sir Francis Drake returns to England completing his circumnavigation of the World.LoC History.com
 
  | 
| 12  | 1582  | 
- 4 Oct 1582: The Gregorian calendar is introduced. The next day is October 15th.Britannica UFL
 
  | 
| 13  | 1583  | 
- 5 Aug 1583: The first English colony in North America is chartered at Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey Gilbert but no settlement is made there until 1604.Fordham HF.uk
 
  | 
| 14  | 1587  | 
- 8 Feb 1587: Mary Queen of Scots is beheaded.Scotsman TheMet
 
- 22 Jul 1587: An English colony is established on Roanoke Island off what is now the North Carolina coast.HM NCHist
 
- 18 Aug 1587: Virginia Dare is the first English child born in the Americas.OB NCMoH
 
  | 
| 15  | 1588  | 
- 29 Jul 1588: The Spanish Armada is defeated.CBS-PC tNI
 
  | 
| 16  | 1590  | 
- 18 Aug 1590: Governor John White returns to Roanoke colony and finds it abandoned.NPS tLC
 
  | 
| 17  | 1602  | 
 | 
| 18  | 1603  | 
- 1603: Martin Pring surveys the Maine coast and names the Fox Islands.NH
 
- 15 Mar 1603: Samuel de Champlain sets sail from France aboard the Bonne-Renommée on his first voyage to North America. MM&P OHT
 
- 24 Mar 1603—27 Mar 1625: James I  Ruler of England 1603-1625. House of Stuart: Son of Mary, Queen of Scots, granddaughter of James IV and Margaret. First to call himself King of Great Britain. This became official with the Act of Union, 1707.HistoricUK
 
  | 
| 19  | 1604  | 
- 26 Jun 1604: The French settle on Saint Croix Island in what is now Maine.tCE NPS
 
  | 
| 20  | 1605/6  | 
- 31 Jan 1605/6: Guy Fawkes is executed for plotting against Parliament and James I of England.PSU UKNA
 
  | 
| 21  | 1605  | 
- 5 Nov 1605: The Gunpowder Plot is foiled. Guy Fawkes is captured, tortured and executed.UKParliament 
  
  | 
| 22  | 1606  | 
- 10 Apr 1606: A charter is granted to the Virginia Company for settlement in America.Avalon tGLIoAH
 
- 19 Dec 1606: Three vessels - Susan Constant, of 100 tons, Capt Christopher Newport; Godspeed, of forty tons, Capt Bartholomew Gosnold; and Discovery, twenty tons, Capt John Ratcliffe - with 105 emigrants sail from the Downs, England destined for Virginia in the New World.LR MM
 
  | 
| 23  | 1607  | 
- 1607: La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís, Santa Fe, New Mexico, is founded.HL PBS
 
- 13 May 1607: Three ships arrive with the first settlers of Virginia Colony.NPS LoA
 
- 14 May 1607: Jamestown is founded.LoC HJ
 
- 19 Aug 1607: Popham Colony is established in New England. It survives for only a year.CSM MFS
 
  | 
| 24  | 1608  | 
- 7 Jan 1608: A fire breaks out in Jamestown destroying nearly the entire settlement.Google Books EVa
 
- 3 Jul 1608: Québec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain.CT OHT
 
- 2 Oct 1608: Hans Lippershey demonstrates, and applies for a patent for, the first refracting telescope, the forerunner of the modern optical telescope.W I R E D SciHi
 
  | 
| 25  | 1609  | 
- 25 Aug 1609: Galileo demonstrates the telescope.Astronomy SA
 
- 11 Sep 1609: Henry Hudson enters New York Bay in search of the Northwest Passage.IA NYSA
 
  |